Use the visual dorsal pathway, the visual ventral pathway, and achromatopsia and its localization to frame the working diagnosis and next step; anchor the next clinical decision to it rather than restating it. Make the visual ventral pathway the checkpoint that determines whether you escalate testing, narrow the differential, or change treatment.

Achromatopsia is a form of cortical color blindness; If a lesion occurs here, it can lead to a condition called achromatopsia; Responsible for processing spatial orientation, depth, and motion perception; Think of the visual dorsal pathway as the where pathway; Known as the what pathway, and its job is to process color and form