Use the most likely diagnosis for an individual returning from Brazil., condition presents with recurrent aseptic meningitis, and the typical underlying cause of Mollaret meningitis to frame the working diagnosis and next step; let it drive treatment choice rather than habit. Make condition presents with recurrent aseptic meningitis the checkpoint that determines whether you escalate testing, narrow the differential, or change treatment.

Treatment is primarily supportive since the episodes are self-limiting, though intravenous or oral acyclovir is often utilized during acute attacks to shorten the duration of symptoms; Emerging arbovirus that causes meningitis or encephalitis, often presents with completely normal neuroimaging, and standard viral panels will completely miss it; Most commonly associated with a latent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection that periodically reactivates within the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia; That points directly to Mollaret meningitis, which is characterized by recurrent, self-limiting episodes with sterile cerebrospinal fluid; You have to highly suspect a neuroinvasive Oropouche virus infection